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The world might bear in mind 2022 as the yr of generative synthetic intelligence (AI): the yr that enormous language fashions (LLMs), corresponding to OpenAI’s GPT-3, and text-to-image fashions, corresponding to Secure Diffusion, marked a sea change within the potential for social media manipulation. LLMs which were optimized for dialog (corresponding to ChatGPT) can generate naturalistic, human-sounding textual content content material at scale, whereas open-source text-to-image fashions can generate photorealistic photographs of something (actual or imagined) and might accomplish that at scale. Utilizing present expertise, U.S. adversaries may construct digital infrastructure to fabricate lifelike however inauthentic (faux) content material that would gasoline equally lifelike however inauthentic on-line human personae: accounts on Twitter, Reddit, or Fb that appear actual however are artificial constructs, fueled by generative AI and advancing narratives that serve the pursuits of these governments.
On this Perspective, the authors argue that the emergence of ubiquitous, highly effective generative AI poses a possible nationwide safety risk when it comes to the chance of misuse by U.S. adversaries (specifically, for social media manipulation) that the U.S. authorities and broader expertise and coverage neighborhood ought to proactively handle now. Though the authors deal with China and its Folks’s Liberation Military as an illustrative instance of the potential risk, quite a lot of actors may use generative AI for social media manipulation, together with technically subtle nonstate actors (home in addition to overseas). The capabilities and threats mentioned on this Perspective are probably additionally related to different actors, corresponding to Russia and Iran, which have already engaged in social media manipulation.
Funding for this analysis was made doable by the unbiased analysis and improvement provisions of RAND’s contracts for the operation of its U.S. Division of Protection federally funded analysis and improvement facilities. This analysis was carried out inside the Worldwide Safety and Protection Coverage Program of the RAND RAND Nationwide Safety Analysis Division (NSRD).
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