[ad_1]
KOCHI: Glaucoma is a gaggle of eye illnesses that trigger injury to the optic nerve, which is the nerve that carries visible data from the attention to the mind. The injury is normally the results of elevated strain inside the eye, which might be brought on by a build-up of fluid that flows via the attention. It may well trigger irreversible imaginative and prescient loss and blindness if left untreated.
In India, the burden of glaucoma is 11.9 million, and the prevalence of blindness is 8.9 million. Glaucoma contributes to 12.8 per cent of blindness in India. Epidemiological research on glaucoma involving adults aged 40 years and above have proven that glaucoma prevalence is between 2.7 and 4.3 per cent amongst Indians.
Threat
-
Above 40 years of age
-
Sure medical circumstances corresponding to hypertension and diabetes
-
Excessive myopia or hyperopia
-
Household historical past
-
Genetics
-
Excessive intraocular strain
-
Lengthy-term corticosteroid use
-
Earlier eye damage or surgical procedure
-
Thinner corneas
Kinds of Glaucoma
There are various forms of glaucoma. Every sort of glaucoma develops in another way, however all of them place your imaginative and prescient in danger.
-
Open-angle glaucoma
Open-angle glaucoma, or main open-angle glaucoma, is the commonest kind. Intraocular strain rises as a result of the fluid in your eye can not drain correctly. Eye strain rises due to this fluid build-up, inflicting injury to the optic nerve. With time, this illness can result in irreversible imaginative and prescient loss. Usually it’s detected late because the visible subject loss is skilled within the later stage of the illness.
-
Angle-closure glaucoma
Angle-closure glaucoma is much less widespread. It happens when the drainage canals are fully or partially blocked. It may well progress quickly or progressively. A very blocked-off drainage angle known as acute angle-closure glaucoma. This type of the illness is a medical emergency and might trigger fast imaginative and prescient loss. It has a number of early indicators of growth corresponding to hazy or blurred imaginative and prescient, extreme ache across the eyes and head, redness within the eye, colored halos round lights, and nausea or vomiting alongside eye ache.
-
Regular-tension glaucoma
Regular-tension glaucoma causes optic nerve injury with out elevating your eye strain. Abnormalities in blood circulate to the optic nerve and structural weak point within the optic nerve tissue are potential causes of this downside.
-
Secondary glaucoma
Secondary glaucoma is a time period for any type of glaucoma with an identifiable trigger for elevated eye strain. Somebody might develop secondary glaucoma as a result of an eye fixed damage, irritation, or superior instances of cataracts or diabetes. Some forms of secondary glaucoma embody exfoliative glaucoma, neovascular glaucoma, pigmentary glaucoma and traumatic glaucoma.
-
Congenital glaucoma
Congenital glaucoma is present in infants lower than 3 years of age. It’s a uncommon situation however may lead to a everlasting lack of imaginative and prescient. Signs and indicators embody watery eyes, photophobia (discomfort in vivid gentle) blepharospasm (involuntary actions of the eyelids), enlargement of the eyes (Buphthalmos), hazy cornea and redness of the attention.
Its causes might be assorted and they could be a build-up of aqueous humor inside the attention, genetic causes, start defects within the ocular angle and underdeveloped cells and tissues.
Prognosis
-
Medical historical past
-
Complete eye examination, together with:
-
Measuring intraocular strain (tonometry).
-
Testing for optic nerve injury with a dilated eye examination and imaging exams.
-
Checking for areas of imaginative and prescient loss, often known as a visible subject check.
-
Measuring corneal thickness (pachymetry)
-
Inspecting the drainage angle (gonioscopy)
Therapy
The injury brought on by glaucoma can’t be reversed. Nonetheless, therapy and common checkups may help gradual or stop imaginative and prescient loss, particularly for those who catch the illness in its early phases.
Glaucoma is handled by reducing intraocular strain. Therapy choices embody prescription eye drops, oral medicines, laser therapy, surgical procedure or a mixture of approaches. The aim of therapy is to cut back the strain inside the eye and stop additional injury to the optic nerve.
Thoughts and physique
Acquired well being issues you need to share with a health care provider? Are you in search of credible solutions concerning signs, medicines or way of life issues? Write to us on cityexpresskoc@newindianexpress.com, and we’ll get healthcare professionals to reply them.
[ad_2]
Source link
